Makina Opaka Utoto wa Jet:
Makina opaka utoto wa jet ndi makina amakono kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto wa jet.Kupaka utoto wa nsalu ya polyester ndi utoto wobalalitsidwaMu makina awa, nsalu ndi utoto wa mowa zikuyenda, zomwe zimathandiza kuti utoto ukhale wofanana komanso wofulumira. Mu makina opaka utoto wa jet, palibe chozungulira choyendetsera nsalu kuti chisunthe nsalu. Kusuntha kwa nsalu ndi mphamvu ya madzi okha. Ndikotsika mtengo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mowa wochepa. Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa poyerekeza ndi makina opaka utoto a chubu chachitali, ma valve anayi amafunikira kuti azilamulira kuyenda kwa nsalu. Mu makina opaka utoto wa jet ndi makina opaka utoto wa nsalu, pali valavu imodzi yokha. Kusakhalapo kwa chozungulira, kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yolumikizira, kusamalira nthawi ziwiri zosindikizira ndi kuwonongeka, ngati kuthamanga kwa jet ndi liwiro la chozungulira sizikugwirizana.
Mu makina opaka utoto wa jet, jet yamphamvu ya utoto wa mowa imatulutsidwa kuchokera ku mphete yozungulira yomwe chingwe cha nsalu chimadutsa mu chubu chotchedwa venturi. Chubu cha venturi ichi chili ndi kutsekeka, kotero mphamvu ya utoto wa mowa womwe umadutsa imakoka nsaluyo kuchokera kutsogolo kupita kumbuyo kwa makinawo. Pambuyo pake chingwe cha nsalu chimayenda pang'onopang'ono mozungulira makinawo kenako chimadutsanso mu jet, kuzungulira kofanana ndi kwa makina opaka utoto wa winch. Jet ili ndi ntchito ziwiri chifukwa imapereka njira yonyamulira yofewa ya nsalu komanso kumiza nsaluyo mokwanira mu mowa ikadutsa.
Mu mitundu yonse ya makina a ndege pali magawo awiri ofunikira ogwirira ntchito:
1. Gawo logwira ntchito lomwe nsalu imayenda mwachangu, kudutsa mu jet ndikutola mowa watsopano wa utoto
2. Gawo lopanda kanthu pomwe nsalu imayenda pang'onopang'ono kuzungulira dongosolo kubwerera ku chakudya cholowera ku ma jets
Makina opaka utoto wa jet ndi apadera chifukwa utoto ndi nsalu zonse zimayenda, pomwe m'makina ena nsalu imasuntha utoto wosasinthasintha, kapena nsalu imakhala yosasinthasintha ndipo utoto wosakanikirana umadutsamo.
Kapangidwe ka makina opaka utoto wa jet ndi venturi yake kumatanthauza kuti kusuntha kogwira mtima pakati pa chingwe cha nsalu ndi utoto wa utoto kumasungidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utotowo ukhale wothamanga komanso wofanana bwino. Ngakhale kuti kapangidwe kameneka kangapangitse kuti nsaluyo ipangike kwa nthawi yayitali, kugwedezeka kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ituluke ndipo minofuyo imazimiririka nsaluyo ikatuluka mu jet. Komabe, kuyenda mofulumira kwa utoto wa utoto kungayambitse thovu lalikulu pamene makinawo sanasefukire mokwanira. Makinawa amagwira ntchito pamlingo wochepa wa mowa wa pafupifupi 10: 1, kotero monga momwe zimakhalira ndi utoto wa beam, makina opaka utoto a exJet poyamba adapangidwira makamaka utoto wa polyester wolukidwa, ndipo kwenikweni adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri pachifukwa ichi. Makina opaka utoto wa jet kudzera m'mapangidwe awo osiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe oyendera amapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nsalu zambiri zolukidwa ndi zolukidwa. Chithunzichi chili pansipa chikuwonetsa makina opaka utoto wa jet akutsitsidwa pambuyo poti utoto watha. Kutopa ndi kwabwino ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu ndi kothandiza.
Zinthu Zofunika pa Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
Pankhani ya makina opaka utoto wa jet, utotowo umayendetsedwa kudzera mu nozzle yomwe imanyamula katunduyo. Makhalidwe ndi tsatanetsatane wa makina opaka utoto wa jet aperekedwa pansipa.
· Kutha: 200–250 kg (chubu chimodzi)
· Ziŵerengero za mowa wamba zimakhala pakati pa 1:5 ndi 1:20;
· Utoto: Nsalu za 30–450 g/m2 (polyester, polyester blends, nsalu zolukidwa ndi zolukidwa)
· Kutentha kwambiri: Mpaka 140°C
· Makina opaka utoto wa jet amagwira ntchito pa liwiro la zinthu mpaka 200–500 m/mphindi,
Zina mwazinthu:
· Thupi la makina ndi ziwalo zonyowa zopangidwa ndi ss 316/316L kuti zisawonongeke ndi dzimbiri.
· Chozungulira cha winchi cha mainchesi akulu chimapereka mphamvu yochepa pamwamba pa nsalu.
· Pampu yolimba ya ss centrifugal yomwe imapereka mphamvu yothamanga kwambiri kuti igwirizane ndi liwiro la nsalu.
· Mpweya wobwerera m'mbuyo womwe umachotsa chingwe cha nsalu kuti utulutse chokha kugwedezeka kulikonse.
· Chosinthira kutentha chogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri potenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa mwachangu.
· Konzani khitchini yokhala ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera.
Mitundu ya Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
Posankhamitundu ya makina opaka utoto wa nsaluZinthu zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti zisiyanitsidwe. Izi ndi izi: Mawonekedwe a malo omwe nsalu imasungidwa mwachitsanzo makina okhala ndi mawonekedwe aatali kapena makina ocheperako a J-box. Mtundu wa nozzle pamodzi ndi malo ake enieni mwachitsanzo pamwamba kapena pansi pa mulingo wosambira. Kutengera ndi njira izi zosiyanitsira mitundu yotsatira ya Makina a Jet inganenedwe kuti ndi chitukuko cha makina odziwika bwino opaka utoto wa jet. Pali mitundu itatu ya makina opaka utoto wa jet. Ndi,
1. Makina Opaka Utoto Osefukira
2. Makina Opaka Utoto Wofewa
3. Makina Opaka Utoto wa Irflow
Mbali Zazikulu za Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
1. Chidebe Chachikulu kapena Chipinda
2. Wotchingira kapena Reel
3. Chosinthira kutentha
4. Mphuno
5. Thanki Yosungira
6. Thanki yoyezera mankhwala
7. Chida chowongolera kapena purosesa
8. Chophimba Nsalu
9. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma mota ndi ma valves Main Pump
10. Mizere yothandiza monga mzere wa madzi, mzere wotulutsira madzi, malo olowera nthunzi ndi zina zotero.
Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
Mu makina awa, thanki yopaka utoto imakhala ndi utoto wosakanikirana, wothira utoto, wothandizira kuleza ndi acetic acid. Yankho limadzazidwa mu thanki yopaka utoto ndipo limafika pa chosinthira kutentha komwe yankho limatenthedwa kenako limaperekedwa ku pampu ya centrifugal kenako ku chipinda chosefera.
Yankho lidzasefedwa ndikufikira chipinda cha tubular. Apa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kupakidwa utoto zidzadzazidwa ndipo winch idzazunguliridwa, kotero kuti zinthuzo zidzazunguliridwanso. Apanso utoto wa mowa umafika pa heat exchanger ndipo ntchitoyi imabwerezedwa kwa mphindi 20 mpaka 30 pa 135oC. Kenako utoto wosambira umazizidwa, zinthuzo zitachotsedwa.
Gudumu loyezera limakhazikikanso pa winch ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chakunja. Cholinga chake ndikulemba liwiro la nsalu. Thermometer, pressure gauge imakhazikikanso m'mbali mwa makina kuti izindikire kutentha ndi kuthamanga komwe kukugwira ntchito. Chipangizo chosavuta chimakhazikikanso kuti chizindikire mthunzi womwe ukugwira ntchito.
Ubwino wa Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
Makina opaka utoto wa jet amapereka zabwino zotsatirazi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera nsalu monga ma polyester.
1. Nthawi yopaka utoto ndi yochepa poyerekeza ndi nthawi yopaka utoto wa matabwa.
2. Chiŵerengero cha zinthu ndi mowa ndi 1:5 (kapena) 1:6
3. Kupanga ndi kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi makina opaka utoto wa matabwa.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi pang'ono zomwe zimathandiza kuti magetsi azigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino komanso kuti kutentha ndi kuziziritsa zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu.
5. Nthawi yochepa yopaka utoto
6. Liwiro lalikulu la kunyamula nsalu posintha valavu ya nozzle kuti ipangitse utoto kukhala wofanana.
7. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga
8. Kuzungulira kwamphamvu kwa mowa ndi zinthu zina kumayambitsa msangakupaka utoto.
9. Kupaka utoto pang'ono pamwamba pa nsalu kumapangitsa kuti nsaluyo isambidwe mwachangu komanso kuti isasokonekere bwino.
10. Nsalu zimasamalidwa mosamala komanso mofatsa
Zofooka/Zolepheretsa za Makina Opaka Utoto a Jet:
1. Nsalu imapakidwa utoto ngati chingwe.
2. Chiopsezo cha kugwidwa.
3. Mwayi woti chiuno chikhale chopindika.
4. Mphamvu ya ndegeyo ingawononge nsalu zofewa.
5. Kusankha nsalu yopaka utoto panthawi yopaka utoto n'kovuta.
6. Nsalu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wopota wa ulusi wofunikira zimatha kukhala ndi ubweya wambiri chifukwa cha kukwawa.
7. Kuyeretsa mkati kumakhala kovuta chifukwa makinawo ali otsekedwa kwathunthu.
8. Ndalama zoyambira zoyambira ndi kukonza zimakhala zambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-18-2022