Chitsime: Financial Times lolembedwa ndi Zhao Meng
Posachedwapa, CiIE yachinayi yafika pachimake bwino, ndipo yaperekanso lipoti labwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pa chaka chimodzi, CIIE ya chaka chino ili ndi ndalama zokwana US $70.72 biliyoni.
Pofuna kuthandiza owonetsa ndi ogula m'dziko ndi kunja, mabungwe a mabanki akupitilizabe kukulitsa ndikuwongolera njira zopangira ndalama zodutsa malire, ndikupanga mautumiki azachuma ophatikizana m'dziko ndi kunja. Zikuoneka kuti CIIE sikuti yangokhala nsanja yowonetsera zinthu zamkati ndi zakunja, komanso "windo lowonetsera" lokulitsa ndikusintha mautumiki azachuma odutsa malire a mabungwe a mabanki.
M'miyezi 10 yoyambirira ya chaka chino, ndalama zonse zomwe China imatumiza ndi kutumiza kunja zinakwera ndi 31.9 peresenti chaka chilichonse, malinga ndi deta yochokera ku General Administration of Customs. Zikuoneka kuti chifukwa cha kutseguka kwakukulu kwa China komanso kukula kosalekeza kwa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, bizinesi yazachuma yamakampani a mabanki yalowa mumsewu wachangu wa chitukuko. Ntchito zachuma zamayiko osiyanasiyana zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi "malo amodzi", "pa intaneti" ndi "zolunjika" zikupezeka mosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
"Ndalama zodutsa malire, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupereka mwayi wotsegulira anthu ambiri, zidzakhudza malo okulirapo komanso mwayi wopeza chitukuko." Poyankhulana ndi Financial Times, Zheng Chenyang, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zamaphunziro ku Bank of China Research Institute, adati mabanki amalonda ayenera kupitiliza kukonza ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a ntchito zachuma zodutsa malire chifukwa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi akuwonjezera kufunikira kwa ntchito zachuma zodutsa malire.
Kupanga zinthu mwatsopano ndi kodziwika bwino komanso kolondola mokwanira
Mtolankhaniyo adamva kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zogawa ndalama m'malire, koma zonse ndi zosiyana. Zonse zimaphatikizidwa mu ntchito zitatu zazikulu za "kusinthanitsa", "kusinthanitsa" ndi "ndalama". Pa CIIE ya chaka chino, mabanki angapo aku China adayambitsa mapulani apadera azachuma kutengera zosowa zenizeni za mabizinesi ndikupanga mawonekedwe awoawo.
Fotokozani mwachidule zomwe zachitika pa ntchito zitatu zomwe zinachitika kale mu chiwonetserochi, banki yotumiza kunja ndi kutumiza kunja chaka chino ikukonzekera kusintha kukhala mtundu wa 4.0, wotchedwa "Yi Hui global", kuwonetsa zinthu zinayi "zosavuta", zomwe ndi "zosavuta, zosavuta kusangalala nazo, zosavuta kupanga, zosavuta kuyanjana", zomwe zikuphatikizanso kuzama kwa zinthu zachuma ndi ntchito zotumizira kunja, monga maziko a njira yamalonda yamalonda akunja "point, line, face" yonse, njira yothandizira yamitundu yambiri, Ndi yoyenera kwambiri pazosowa zosiyanasiyana komanso zaumwini zamabizinesi osiyanasiyana.
Mabizinesi akuyenera kwambiri ndi ntchito zachuma zimenezi. Malinga ndi malipoti, potengera dongosolo lapadera la ntchito zachuma la “Jinborong 2020” lomwe linaperekedwa ku CiIE yachitatu, Export-Import Bank of China yathandiza mabizinesi pafupifupi 2,000 a makasitomala oposa 300, omwe ali ndi ndalama zokwana pafupifupi 140 biliyoni yuan, zomwe zikuphatikizapo mayiko ndi madera oposa 40 monga Singapore ndi Malaysia, zomwe zapangitsa kuti ma yuan opitilira 570 biliyoni a zinthu zotumizidwa kunja ndi zotumizidwa kunja.
Banki Yachitukuko ya Shanghai Pudong idzaphatikiza kusintha kwa digito, kubiriwira komanso kotsika kwa mpweya, komanso zatsopano za sayansi ndi ukadaulo mu njira yautumiki wazachuma ya ciIE. Poganizira zosowa zogulira za CiIF, tidzapititsa patsogolo ntchito yogulitsa pa intaneti. Tidzatsegula makalata olowera kudzera m'mabanki apaintaneti, popanda kutumiza zikalata zofunsira pa intaneti, ndipo titha kudziwa kupita patsogolo kwa bizinesi nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito.
Bank of China ikuyang'ana kwambiri pakuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zomangamanga za malo odutsa malire, maphunziro, masewera ndi siliva ndi ntchito za ciIE, kuphatikiza zinthu zomangira malo ozungulira zachilengedwe, ndikupanga chitsanzo cha "ndalama + malo" cha "kufikira malo amodzi ndi mayankho owonekera" ndi ciIE ngati maziko, ndikupanga njira yatsopano yogwirira ntchito zachuma zachilengedwe.
Kusintha kwa digito kwa ndalama zodutsa malire kwafulumizitsidwa
"Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotumizira ndalama kudzera m'malire a dziko la GUANGfa Bank kudzera mu 'windo limodzi' la malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, mutha kupeza zambiri za kasitomu ndi mbiri ya malonda podina kamodzi, zomwe zimachotsa njira yosasangalatsa yogwirira ntchito yamalonda ndikupangitsa kuti kutumiza ndalama kukhale kogwira mtima. Kugulitsa koyamba komwe tidachita, kuyambira kutumizidwa mpaka kuwunikanso kwa banki mpaka kulipira komaliza, sikunatenge nthawi yoposa theka la ola." China construction investment (Guangdong) international trade Co., LTD., inatero.
Zanenedwa kuti, mu Ogasiti chaka chino, banki yopititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha Guangdong ndi General Administration of Customs (ofesi yoyang'anira madoko) adasaina mgwirizano wolimbikitsa "windo limodzi" la ndalama zamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi ndi inshuwaransi, kumanga ntchito zogwirira ntchito mokulirapo kuti akwaniritse kugawana zambiri, kukulitsa ntchito zachuma ndi zatsopano za sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kulowetsa ndi kutumiza mabizinesi kuti apereke ntchito zapamwamba komanso zosavuta, ndikulimbikitsa kuchotsera misonkho yamalonda.
Ndikoyenera kunena kuti chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mliriwu kunja, mabizinesi oyenerera akufunikira thandizo la ndalama lopanda kulumikizana ndi makampani ena komanso "malipiro ofulumira". Chifukwa cha mpikisano wa anzawo komanso kufunikira kwa makasitomala, mabanki amalonda akufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zomwe zachitika pa fintech kuti akwaniritse kusintha kwa digito ndi chitukuko cha ndalama zodutsa malire.
"Ntchito yothandiza anthu odutsa malire" mu CIIE ya chaka chino yakopa chidwi cha msika. Mtolankhani akumvetsa kuti bankiyi "ikulimbana ndi kuyeretsa ndalama ndi ndalama zotsutsana ndi uchigawenga, kupewa misonkho", potengera malangizo a makasitomala mwachindunji kuti athetse mavuto a maakaunti amalonda aulere am'deralo ndi akunja, mavuto a maakaunti a RMB odutsa malire ndi kusinthana kwa maakaunti amalonda aulere ndi osavuta, popanda kufunikira kwa makasitomala kutumiza zinthu zina, komanso mautumiki ena othandizira.
Liu Xingya, wachiwiri kwa director wa Likulu la Shanghai la People's Bank of China, adati mabungwe azachuma ayenera kukonza mapulani awo a ntchito ndi zinthu zachuma kutengera zosowa za owonetsa ndi ogula kunyumba ndi kunja, ndikupereka chithandizo chokwanira komanso chapamwamba cha ndalama zodutsa malire kwa magulu onse a CIIE.
Kusiyanasiyana kuti tikwaniritse zosowa zachuma za mayiko ena
Pakadali pano, mabanki ena aku China akupitilizabe kulimbitsa luso lawo lotsogolera pantchito zachuma zodutsa malire. Malinga ndi lipoti lachitatu la kotala la Bank of China, ili ndi 41.2% ya gawo la msika mu CIPS (RMB cross-border payment system), zomwe zikukhalabe pamalo oyamba pamsika. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zodutsa malire za RMB kunali 464 trillion yuan, zomwe zidakwera ndi 31.69% pachaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengerochi chikhale chotsogola padziko lonse lapansi.
Poganizira za mtsogolo, Zheng Chenyang amakhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa mfundo zachuma, kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka malonda apadziko lonse, kusintha ndi kukweza kapangidwe ka mafakitale, komanso zinthu zingapo zimatsimikiza njira yopititsira patsogolo bizinesi yazachuma yodutsa malire. Monga bungwe lazachuma la banki, pokhapokha ngati likuchita luso lamkati nthawi zonse, lingapeze mwayi womanga njira yatsopano yopititsira patsogolo.
"Mabungwe a mabanki ayenera choyamba kugwira ntchito molimbika pakupanga njira zatsopano zopititsira patsogolo chitukuko, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino misika iwiri ndi zinthu ziwiri kunyumba ndi kunja, kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wowonjezera kutseguka kwa mfundo zakunja, zabwino zapakhomo zomwe sizikutetezedwa ndi malonda aulere, doko la malonda aulere, zili pachiwongolero, chiwonetsero cha Canton ndi malonda a zovala zidzapereka chithandizo champhamvu chandalama ndi chitsimikizo cha nsanja yatsopanoyi, Tidzagwiritsa ntchito mwayi wogwirizana pazachuma ndi malonda m'madera monga Belt and Road Initiative ndi RCEP kuti tikonze bwino kapangidwe ka bizinesi yapadziko lonse ndikukulitsa chitukuko cha mabizinesi odutsa malire." Zheng Chenyang adatero.
Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa mliriwu kwawonetsa zabwino za chuma cha digito. Malonda apadziko lonse lapansi akukhala a digito komanso anzeru mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, malonda apa intaneti odutsa malire akhala mphamvu yatsopano yoyendetsera malonda. Akatswiri omwe adafunsidwa adagwirizana kuti gawo lotsatira, gawo la mabanki liwonjezere ndalama mu sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito deta yayikulu, ma chain blocks, monga ukadaulo wazachuma, kuyang'ana kwambiri malonda a digito, bizinesi yodutsa malire, malonda apaintaneti ndi madera ena ofunikira, kapangidwe kake, nsanja yautumiki wazachuma pa intaneti yodutsa malire ndi malo, kupanga zatsopano zamalonda pa intaneti, kupanga ma pratt & ndalama za digito ndi unyolo woperekera ndalama, Kuyambitsa njira yatsopano yautumiki wazachuma wodutsa malire kudzera mu digito.
Zheng Chenyang adagogomezera kuti kutsegulira ndalama ndi ntchito zachuma zodutsa malire ziyenera kumvetsetsa ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa kukwezedwa konse ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zachitika. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupititsa patsogolo kwa dera lalikulu la Guangdong ndi Hainan Free Trade Port kwakhala "zenera" la kutsegulira kwa China kudziko lakunja komwe kungafanane ndi ndalama zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mabanki ake, kuthandizira malonda ndi ndalama, kufalitsa ntchito zachuma za Renminbi padziko lonse lapansi, monga kukwezedwa kwa zinthu zatsopano, makasitomala olimba, ndi chidziwitso chautumiki.
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-23-2022